NAME

ecce —

SYNOPSIS

ecce	-from inputfile [ -to outputfile ] [ -log logfile ] [ -size bytes ]

DESCRIPTION

ecce is a line-based text editor. It first appeared many years ago at the University of Edinburgh, and has been re-implemented many times. Thuis manual page does not attempt to be an ecce tutorial; it merely details how to invoke ecce, and summarises the basic commands. For more details, see the full documentation. When invoking ecce, there is no need to precede arguments with flags if they are given in the order shown above. If an argument is omitted, the next agument must be specified using the appropriate flag. To create a new file, an empty input file must be specified. A suitable file is /dev/null.

BASIC COMMANDS

The operation of ecce is directed by a series of commands which are typed by the user. Each command line consists of a single command, or a sequence of several commands terminated by a newline. No command separator is required between individual commands, and unquoted spaces are not significant. The individual commands in a command sequence are executed from left to right. The basic editing commands consist of a letter, or a letter followed by a text string. The letter is mnemonic for an imperative verb. The text string is any sequence of characters (excluding newline) enclosed within quotation marks. Any command may be followed by a repetition number to indicate that the command is to be executed repeatedly the number of times specified. Compound commands may be formed by enclosing a sequence of commands within parentheses.

Editing commands

In the following list, the Notes column indicates the notes pertaining to the particular command. These can indicate how a command can `fail', or other relevant information about the command.

Command	Effect	Notes
m{n}	move to next line	1
m-{n}	move to previous line	2
f{m}'....'{n}	find text	3,10
s'....'	substitute text	4
g{n}	get line	5
k{n}	kill (delete) whole line	1
i'....'{n}	insert text	6
b	break line (insert newline)
d{m}'....'{n}	delete text	3,7
j	join (delete next newline)	6
p{n}	print line	1
r{n}	move right	8
l{n}	move left	9
e{n}	erase right	8
e-{n}	erase left	9
t{m}'....'{n}	traverse text	3,7
u{m}'....'{n}	uncover (delete until) text	3,7
v'....'	verify (test for) text

Notes about commands

Note	Information
1	file pointer at end of file
2	current line is first line of file
3	text not found
4	no text to replace
5	entered line begins with a:
6	current line too long
7	default scope is current line
8	file pointer at end of current line
9	file pointer at beginning of current line
10	default scope is rest of file

Special commands

Command	Effect
%a abort (abandon editing)
%c	close (finish editing)
%v	print the current version number of ecce

COMPOUND COMMANDS

Sequences of commands may be enclosed in parentheses to form compound commands. Commands may be repeated, unconditionally or conditionally.

Operation	Example	Meaning/Effect
0 or *		indefinite repetition
		(repeat until failure)"
	r0	move file pointer to end of line
	(mr)0	find first blank line
	e-0	erase backwards to start of line
?		optional execution
		(failure condition is ignored)
	((r61p)?m)0	print lines with more than 60 characters
,		alternative execution
		(if first fails, execute next etc.)
	(r81lb,m)0	split lines with more than 80 characters
	(f/print/(v/printstring/,e5i/write/))*
		replace print by write except in printstring
\		inverted failure
	(mv'+'\)0	find next line starting with `+'

A command line consisting solely of a number repeats the previous command line the number of times specified. Patterns may be delimited by any character except letters, digits and those which have defined significance: for example, one can use: " / $ > + . : = _

FILES

/tmp/eccesaveNNNNNN

Emergency save file. This is used when ecce cannot write to the original file being edited. NNNNNN is the zero-filled process ID.

/tmp/eccenoteXNNNNNN

Context file. These are used for holding secondary contexts, and are not deleted when ecce exits. X is the context number, and NNNNNN is the zero-filled process ID.

DIAGNOSTICS

The ecce utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

SEE ALSO

G. Toal, A quick guide to G.Toal's ECCE-in-C for existing ECCE users. Hamish Dewar, ECCE - revised specification, 1982. L.D. Smith, ECCE - The Edinburgh Compatible Context Editor, 1978. G. Toal, ECCE - a review. Note that only the first reference is definitive for this implementation, so some commands may be missing (or added) elsewhere. However, the other documents may provide a good way of learning how to use ecce effectively.

AUTHORS

This implementation is by Graham Toal, of the Edinburgh Computer History Project. It is based on earlier implementations by H. Dewar, University of Edinburgh, and H. Whitfield, University of Newcastle upon Tyne.