bind
—
assign a local protocol address to a socket
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
#include <sys/socket.h>
int
bind
(int
s, const struct sockaddr
*addr, socklen_t
addrlen);
The bind
() system call assigns the local protocol
address to a socket. When a socket is created with
socket(2)
it exists in an address family space but has no protocol address assigned. The
bind
() system call requests that
addr be assigned to the socket.
Binding an address in the UNIX domain creates a socket in the file system that
must be deleted by the caller when it is no longer needed (using
unlink(2)).
The rules used in address binding vary between communication
domains. Consult the manual entries in section 4 for detailed
information.
For maximum portability, you should always zero the socket address
structure before populating it and passing it to
bind
().
The bind
() function returns the value 0 if
successful; otherwise the value -1 is returned and the global variable
errno is set to indicate the error.
The bind
() system call will fail if:
- [
EAGAIN
]
- Kernel resources to complete the request are temporarily unavailable.
- [
EBADF
]
- The s argument is not a valid descriptor.
- [
EINVAL
]
- The socket is already bound to an address, and the protocol does not
support binding to a new address; or the socket has been shut down.
- [
EINVAL
]
- The addrlen argument is not a valid length for the
address family.
- [
ENOTSOCK
]
- The s argument is not a socket.
- [
EADDRNOTAVAIL
]
- The specified address is not available from the local machine.
- [
EADDRINUSE
]
- The specified address is already in use.
- [
EAFNOSUPPORT
]
- Addresses in the specified address family cannot be used with this
socket.
- [
EACCES
]
- The requested address is protected, and the current user has inadequate
permission to access it.
- [
EFAULT
]
- The addr argument is not in a valid part of the user
address space.
The following errors are specific to binding addresses in the UNIX
domain.
- [
ENOTDIR
]
- A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
- [
ENAMETOOLONG
]
- A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, or an entire path name
exceeded 1023 characters.
- [
ENOENT
]
- A prefix component of the path name does not exist.
- [
ELOOP
]
- Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
- [
EIO
]
- An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry or allocating the
inode.
- [
EINTEGRITY
]
- Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
- [
EROFS
]
- The name would reside on a read-only file system.
- [
EISDIR
]
- An empty pathname was specified.
The bind
() system call appeared in
4.2BSD.