NAME

std::strxfrm - std::strxfrm

Synopsis

Defined in header <cstring>
std::size_t strxfrm( char* dest, const char* src, std::size_t count );

Transforms the null-terminated byte string pointed to by src into the
implementation-defined form such that comparing two transformed strings with
std::strcmp gives the same result as comparing the original strings with
std::strcoll, in the current C locale.

The first count characters of the transformed string are written to destination,
including the terminating null character, and the length of the full transformed
string is returned, excluding the terminating null character.

The behavior is undefined if the dest array is not large enough. The behavior is
undefined if dest and src overlap.

If count is 0, then dest is allowed to be a null pointer.

Notes

The correct length of the buffer that can receive the entire transformed string is
1+std::strxfrm(nullptr, src, 0)

This function is used when making multiple locale-dependent comparisons using the
same string or set of strings, because it is more efficient to use std::strxfrm to
transform all the strings just once, and subsequently compare the transformed
strings with std::strcmp.

Parameters

dest - pointer to the first element of the array where the transformed string will
be written
src - pointer to the first character of a null-terminated byte string to transform
count - maximum number of characters to be written

Return value

The length of the transformed string, not including the terminating null-character.

Example

// Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <cassert>

int main()
{
char* loc = std::setlocale(LC_COLLATE, "cs_CZ.iso88592");
assert(loc);

std::string in1 = "hrnec";
std::string out1(1+std::strxfrm(nullptr, in1.c_str(), 0), ' ');
std::string in2 = "chrt";
std::string out2(1+std::strxfrm(nullptr, in2.c_str(), 0), ' ');

std::strxfrm(&out1[0], in1.c_str(), out1.size());
std::strxfrm(&out2[0], in2.c_str(), out2.size());

std::cout << "In the Czech locale: ";
if(out1 < out2)
std::cout << in1 << " before " << in2 << '\n';
else
std::cout << in2 << " before " << in1 << '\n';

std::cout << "In lexicographical comparison: ";
if(in1 < in2)
std::cout << in1 << " before " << in2 << '\n';
else
std::cout << in2 << " before " << in1 << '\n';

}

Possible output:

In the Czech locale: hrnec before chrt
In lexicographical comparison: chrt before hrnec